Internal-combustion engine.



l. B. BAYNES INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9,1917.

1 ,257,447 Patented Feb. 26, 1918.

attozmu J. B. BAYNES.

NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGiNE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9, 1911.

Patented Feb. 26,1918.

STSHEET 2.

2 SHL- JAMES B. BAYNES, 0E CIN'CIliil-IAEI, Q1111).

. IQTEH.NAL-COMBU$TION ENG Application filed July 9, 1917.

To all wlwm it may concern:

Be it known that 1, James B. BAYNES, a cltlzen of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamiltonand State nal-combustion motors, and its object is to provide for a valve mechanism which shall conduce to the obtaining of maximum efiiciency as well .as maximum power of the engine.

This invention consists, in combination with an internal-combustion engine cylinder having a head provided with an inwardly movable puppet valve oi comparatively large diameter and means to move the valve from its seat, of a piston movable in the cylinder and so connected that the clearance at the end of the scavenging stroke is very small, a cylindrical valve chamber posi tioned adjacent to the cylinder and fitted with a valve of the dumbbell type and consisting of three parts, the space between two of the parts comprising the explosion chamber of the engine and a second space or like nature constituting an intake passage for the fuel.

It also consists in forming a compression chamber at one end of the valve chamber and providing an intake valve for said chamber and proper passages so that the air compressed therein is guided to force the burnt gases out of the explosion chamber in the valve, and replace it with fresh air.

It further consists in a valve comprising hollow body consisting of several connected cylinders, the valve having a pin about mid way its ends to which the valve-actnating rod is connected, the position of the pin being such that the wear incident to the angular thrusts of this red is negligible.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central section of the engine and valve chamber with the piston at the bottom of the charging stroke. Fig. 2 is asimilar section ofthe valve chamber with the valve at the bottom of its stroke. Fig. 8 is a sec tion of a valve seat at the top of the valve chamber. Fig. i is a section of the cylinder and valve chamber with the piston at the end of the compression stroke which is at the beginning of the working stroke. Fig. 5 is a similar section with the valve at the top Specification of Letters Patent.

idl ng".

Serial No. 179,370.

of its stroke and the giston half down its charging" stroke. pig. 6 is a plan of the exhaust valve operating Fig. 7 is an elevation of the exhaust valve "a.

Simi ar reference char cters refer to like parts throughout the sev 3 views.

'ihe crank case this et aic comprises the lower part 1 and the upper part which connects to the cylinder 3 and to the shell 2 into which a sleeve 5, which constitutes a replaceable wearing surface of the-valve chamber, may be mounted. This sleeve is shown formed with a threaded portion '6 on which rn the port is preferably between one third and one" half the area of the piston and insures complete scavenging of the cylinder. The piston 12, wri pin 13, coiniecting rod 1st, crank shaft 15, cam shaft 16 a d iean; to drive the cam shzxft half the speed of the crank shaft may or any, well known construction. The connecting rod is such a length that when the piston is at the upper end of its stroke, there is a minimum or" space at that end of the cylinder.

{)n the cam shaft is a cam 18 that engages the rod 19 which connects to one end of the lever 20, whose opposite end engages the valve-stem which is slid ble in the guide 23. The valve 10 is depre dining each scavenging stroke ot the piston and is held on its seat the remainder of he cycle by the spring 24:. Any desired pass cs for cool chamber formed with a? inlet port 25 to which the carburetor is connected either di rec ly or by means of nitold, with an exhaust port 2?, with a head 2'? in which a spring-held intake valveQS is mounted, and with a combined air-compression chamber and passage 29 that connects to the port 30. The valve 28 may be mounted on a stem 32 and be held up against its seat by the spring 33 as shown in Fig.

The valve is of the dumbbell or multipiston type and is formed of the yarts 35, 36 and 37. Inpractice the parts 35 and 36 may be formsa as syl mie provid a circumfereitiai gioovs or passagx the his]. The upper part connects to h are I'GFHcJLIlCiCl' i :v'aive by means 0i a haiiow 0 spa 'ession chamhsi iii 01' :tsrces 0 1e burnt gzise ink, space ,"QIQILOL'G bhorsughly scavenged after we 5 new 39 iIltG'WhiCiYtilG upper end of the convnecti. rod. 40 is shcwn to extend, a pin ii l caz'ri by the v; 1W6 extending thrcugi'i the upper e115, the 0011116 ting-rod Whose IQWF end engages the cam shaft 16 in any (hash.

which phzc' s hurrah gases "1; oasis-n aha in the valve will mi 75 1 the cumpjzression pc 1061 with the flint 1mm into 011% cylinder (hiring mi'gin stroke. and. the richness offthis manner to he moved thereby between the limits indicat ed by Figs. 2 and The upper and 0f the valve is 0105251 by a head is to he understood. iahzzt i this ergine such as the cw [16 various parts of hndei', valve casn j eparate 0;: mi

L imst b9 deteiixn nail with this air in ion vhzu'nhei: in View. ihe amount 80 and 131%, may he made as engineering "9 may iii ii 29 cs). 211W: ys rezson for )0 0* of air: b5 "nhhr to m1); the cylinder a: valve.

large m employ i. intake, a urm'ichng mm ing the explosion chamber in tha a;

stuntiaiiy all the burnt p from the igine at cyci 0f the angina as follows.

30 1 shows the parts as beginning; i can: piston i'noving 1m that the 9 Q0111 HQ, :1 space he parts and 37 of she; i the cornysion stmke the pm 1 the cyi shown in 4, the compressio 1n hill register with the port 1 char. s i

49 As thpiston goes down. uni

the explosion, the val e Wi 1 tion shown in. Fig, shmvn in Fig. 4L, ti 1% c iprs-ssic in cszmection with the port a that the platen moving mile-i. the EXPiUSiOll. is the yal'v-e 10 will he moved {l0 pelsmit the bum up until shes t1 and 1 pression chamber {3 the port 8. /Vifli the hegihning 05 W the ssasg'e 38 connects {he pistsn is hmvi i rge 01? fuel.

and of the waive as moves shown in Fig". i tto and z iniiscjhi to the uppei' and of? mi and also provided W I nil and fuel, at, 1

chamber and pm 7 *uz-aiisvsrse passage and Wiih. an

eaner:

explosion chamber intermediate its ends, and means to move said valve.

3. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder and an :rhaust valve in the head thereof, a valve chamber adjacent thereto and connected intermediate its ends to the upper end of said cylinder by a port and also provided with an intake port for the fuel intermediate ends, a valve slidable in said chamber and formed with a chamber intermediate its ends to receive the explosive charge of the engine and with a transverse passage adapted to connect the fuel intake port of the valve chamber to the intake port of the engine.

4. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a'cylinder and an exhaust valve in the head thereof, a valve chamber adjacent thereto and connecting thereto by a port, a piston valve slidable in the valve chamber and formed With a chamber to receive the explosive charge or" the engine, said valve chamber being formed with a compression chamber at one end and. with a bypass and with an exhaust port, one end of the valve serving to compress the air and then open the oy-pass and exhaust port into said chamber after the charge is exploded to scavenge the chamber.

In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder and an exhaust valve therefor, a valve casing adjacent the cylinder and comn'mnicating therewith by means of an intake port for the cylinder, and provided with intake and exhaust ports, a valve slidable Within the valve casing and formed with a chamber to receive the explosive charge of the engine and with an intake passage for the same, and means for moving the said chamber and passage alternately into communication with the intake port of the engine.

6. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder and an exhaust valve therefor, a valve casing adjacent the cylinder and communicating therewith by means of an intake port for the cylinder, said casing being provided With intake and exhaust ports, a valve slidable Within the valve casing and formed with a chamber to receive the explosive charge of the engine and with a passage through which the fuel may flow from-the intake .port of the valve casing and the intake port of the engine, said valve casing being formed with a chamber wherein air may be compressed preparatory to using it to force burnt gases from the chamber in the valve out through the exhaust port of the valve chamber.

7. In an inteinal-combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, an exhaust valve in the head of the cylinder of more than half the diameter of the cylinder, a valve casing adjacent the cylinder and communicating therewith by means of an intake port for the cylinder, said valve chamber being provided with intake and exhaust ports, a valve slidable in the valve chamber and provided with an explosion chamber and with a transverse passage, and means for moving the valve from the lower limit of its movement when the explosion chamber communicates with the intake port of the cylinder to its upper position When said explosion chamber conm'iunicates with the exhaust port of the valve chamber and the transverse passage communicates with the two intake ports.

JAMES B. BAYNES. 

